An Overview of the Snowy 2.0 Pumped Hydro Energy Storage Scheme
An independent review of the Snowy 2.0 project by engineers Craig Brooking and Michael Bowden.
22.7 The Magic Pudding of Energy Storage
Prime Minister, Chris Bowen and Ms King chasing the pudding.
There is no feasible or affordable grid-scale storage available at present or in the foreseeable future.
Background
The Federal and state governments are committed to storage by pumped hydro and batteries to enable the transition from coal to wind and solar power
The Critical Issues are the capacity and cost of pumped hydro and battery storage.
Pumped hydro. The Snowy2.0 pumped hydro scheme was announced by PM Turnbull in 2017 with a budget of 5.1 billion to be completed by 2024 and delivering power in 2021. With delays in construction power is now anticipated in 2028. The project has run over the original budget and there is also the cost of
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21.20 Environmental Issues with Mining Resources for Renewable Energy
21.20 The massive scale of mining that is required to deliver the raw materials for the international net zero effort.
Background
Serious environmental issues arise at all stages of wind and solar power generation, from mining to the disposal of turbines, batteries and solar panels at the end of their working lives.
Critical issues with the volume of raw materials required
The transition towards a renewable energy-based economy and electric vehicles requires a complex mix of metals including copper, cobalt and nickel, and rare earths. Many of these have previously only been mined
in small amounts. The International Energy Agency calculated that the needs for “energy transition minerals” such as lithium, graphite, nickel and
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21.19 Wind Fails in South Australia
Windpower enthusiasts measure success by the ever-increasing penetration of RE in the electricity grid and especially the high points in South Australia on Sunday afternoons. This enables them to ignore the failure of the system on windless nights.
A chain is only as strong as the weakest link? And the flood defence is only as good as the lowest point of the barrier – never mind the high points or the average height of the defensive wall!
The weak links and the low points of the RE “wall” are windless nights and periods of high demand (breakfast and dinnertime) when the wind is low.
Wind-droughts in August and September last year showed the failure of the system in SA.
The chart shows the amount of wind power generated in South
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21.18 The Cost of Green Hydrogen
This note explains the very high cost of electricity generated by burning green hydrogen instead of natural gas in turbines.
Background. There is worldwide enthusiasm for producing ‘green’ hydrogen by electrolysis of water using electricity generated by wind and solar farms. This does not generated CO2, unlike the current commercial methods that extracts hydrogen using coal or gas.
The objective is to use hydrogen as a form of green energy storage.
One of the end uses is to generate electricity in gas turbines using hydrogen as the fuel instead of natural gas.
Critical Issues. The major issue is the cost of production. All the plans for green hydrogen at present are hopes and wishes that depend on major technological advances and
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